Syngas is
an abbreviated term for synthesis gas, which is a gaseous mixture of hydrogen,
carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other trace components. The term synthesis
gas originally comes from the intermediate mixture for generating synthetic
natural gas.
Syngas is also used as an intermediate for the production of ammonia and urea, methanol, SNG, synthetic petroleum products, and other chemicals.
The main output of plasma gasification is the syngas that may be further processed to a variety of useful products as we show in the following PDF documents. Some products can be used immediately without further processing, while others require simple or complex conditioning and/or processing before use in specialty applications.
Syngas can be burned directly for the recovery of thermal energy such as heat and / or steam and electricity.
Heat is used to provide property heating or district heating or cooling an application often used for the gasification of biomass, wood waste and industrial waste worldwide. The steam produced can be used for the production of electricity. The structures that produce both heat and energy are commonly known as "CHP" cogeneration plants.
The "combined cycle" is the best solution for the production of electricity and, with current technologies, allows to obtain considerable performances, unthinkable until a few years ago.
Methanation is the reaction where carbon oxides and hydrogen are converted to methane and water.
The methanation reactions are catalysed by nickel catalysts.
In the methanol industry, there are two typical uses for methanation: to purify synthesis gas and to produce methane for substitute natural gas (SNG).
The syngas can be converted to liquid fuel products through Fischer-Tropsch or other chemical synthesis and refinement processes. This liquid product can be further refined to different types of fuels, from crudes and diesel to kerosene.
In many of these processes, as for example in the combined cycle for the production of electricity, it is possible to extract the CO2 by separating it and thus having another commercial product, in addition to having done good for the planet earth having seized it.